ABSTRACT
Ionizing radiation causes its biological effects mainly through oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species. Previous studies showed that ozone oxidative preconditioning attenuated pathophysiological events mediated by reactive oxygen species. As inhalation of ozone induces lung injury, the aim of this study was to examine whether ozone oxidative preconditioning potentiates or attenuates the effects of irradiation on the lung. Rats were subjected to total body irradiation, with or without treatment with ozone oxidative preconditioning (0.72 mg/kg). Serum proinflammatory cytokine levels, oxidative damage markers, and histopathological analysis were compared at 6 and 72 h after total body irradiation. Irradiation significantly increased lung malondialdehyde levels as an end-product of lipoperoxidation. Irradiation also significantly decreased lung superoxide dismutase activity, which is an indicator of the generation of oxidative stress and an early protective response to oxidative damage. Ozone oxidative preconditioning plus irradiation significantly decreased malondialdehyde levels and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, which might indicate protection of the lung from radiation-induced lung injury. Serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta levels, which increased significantly following total body irradiation, were decreased with ozone oxidative preconditioning. Moreover, ozone oxidative preconditioning was able to ameliorate radiation-induced lung injury assessed by histopathological evaluation. In conclusion, ozone oxidative preconditioning, repeated low-dose intraperitoneal administration of ozone, did not exacerbate radiation-induced lung injury, and, on the contrary, it provided protection against radiation-induced lung damage.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Lung Injury/prevention & control , Lung/radiation effects , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Ozone/therapeutic use , Radiation Injuries, Experimental/prevention & control , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Interleukin-1beta/blood , Malondialdehyde/blood , Rats, Wistar , Radiation-Protective Agents/therapeutic use , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/bloodABSTRACT
To commit suicide, three young adults swallowed a relatively small amount of a widely used insecticide containing endosulfan. They developed recurrent epileptic seizures. After hospitalization they were treated and recovered without any sequel. These seizures were classified as acute symptomatic or provoked seizures. We suggest that if one faces acute repetitive seizures, especially in the rural areas, an intoxication such as endosulfan intoxication should be considered when the etiology is uncertain even in the absence of any signs of intoxication.